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	<title>Sparna Blog &#187; ontologies</title>
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		<title>CORDIS : a SPARQL endpoint is born !</title>
		<link>https://blog.sparna.fr/2024/01/15/cordis-a-sparql-endpoint-is-born/</link>
		<comments>https://blog.sparna.fr/2024/01/15/cordis-a-sparql-endpoint-is-born/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 15 Jan 2024 08:55:41 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Marie Muller]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linked Data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Ontologies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Open Data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[SPARQL]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Thesaurus]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Triplestores]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Visualisation de données]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[endpoint]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Europe]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linked Open Data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ontologie]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ontologies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[thesaurus]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[<p>Another star to light on EU&#8217;s linked open data maturity flag ! 🌟 Not talking about 2024 exceptional Northern Lights to come, but this one&#8217;s also good news for science ! ➡️ Late 2023, the Publications Office of the European Union announced on social media the public release of the new CORDIS SPARQL endpoint. CORDIS, aka « the Community&#8230;</p>
<p>Cet article <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr/2024/01/15/cordis-a-sparql-endpoint-is-born/">CORDIS : a SPARQL endpoint is born !</a> est apparu en premier sur <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr">Sparna Blog</a>.</p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Another star to light on EU&rsquo;s linked open data maturity flag ! <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f31f.png" alt="🌟" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Not talking about 2024 exceptional <a href="https://www.nationalgeographic.com/science/article/auroras-solar-maximum-2024">Northern Lights to come,</a> </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">but this one&rsquo;s also good news for science !</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">➡️ Late 2023, </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">the Publications Office of the European Union</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> <a href="https://twitter.com/CORDIS_EU/status/1726865540143276079">announced on social media</a> </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">the public release of </span><strong><a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint">the new CORDIS SPARQL endpoint</a></strong><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">CORDIS, aka « </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">t</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">he Community Research and Development Information Service </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">of</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> the European Commission</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> », is « </span><em><a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/about"><span style="font-weight: 400;">the [&#8230;] primary source of results from the projects funded by the EU&rsquo;s framework programmes for research and innovation, from FP1 to Horizon Europe</span></a></em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> ». Described as a « <em>rich and structured public repository with all project information held by the European Commission such as project factsheets, participants, reports, deliverables and links to open-access publications</em> », the CORDIS catalog has also been made available in 6 European languages by Publications Office&rsquo;s editorial team.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Cherry on top <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f352.png" alt="🍒" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> of a whole process, the CORDIS SPARQL endpoint release comes to crown a long-term linked open data project. The aim identifying, acquiring, preserving and providing access to knowledge in a common will to share with the widest public possible a trust-worthy, qualified and structured information (see </span><a href="https://op.europa.eu/webpub/op/annual-management-report-2021/en/"><span style="font-weight: 400;">Publications Office 2021 Annual Management Report</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">).</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In the context of the pandemic (and recent opening of <a href="https://data.europa.eu/en">data.europa.eu</a>, the official portal for European data, as defined in 2017–2025 European Open Data Space strategy), </span><a href="https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets/euroscivoc-the-european-science-vocabulary?locale=en"><span style="font-weight: 400;">the EuroSciVoc taxonomy of fields of science</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> was released April 2020, followed December 2021 by the publishing of </span><a href="https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets/european-research-information-ontology?locale=en"><span style="font-weight: 400;">European research information ontology (EURIO)</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> on the EU Vocabularies website <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f310.png" alt="🌐" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" />.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">As presented at </span><a href="https://op.europa.eu/en/web/endorse-2021/conference"><span style="font-weight: 400;">ENDORSE conference March 2021</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">, the redesign of CORDIS data-model in accordance with Semantic Web standards contributed to bring the platform « <strong><em>from acting as a data repository to finally playing an active role as data provider</em></strong> », where EuroSciVoc taxonomy &amp; EURIO ontology both played key roles in the creation of future CORDIS knowledge graph and SPARQL endpoint :</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f538.png" alt="🔸" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> <a href="https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets/euroscivoc-the-european-science-vocabulary?locale=en">EuroSciVoc</a> [&#8230;] is a multilingual, SKOS-XL based taxonomy that represents all the main fields of science that were discovered from the CORDIS content, e.g., project abstracts. It was built starting from the hierarchy of the OECD&rsquo;s Fields of R&amp;D classification (FoRD) as root and extended through a semi-automatic process based on NLP techniques. It contains almost 1 000 categories in 6 languages (English, French, German, Italian, Polish and Spanish) and each category is enriched with relevant keywords extracted from the textual description of CORDIS projects. It is constantly evolving and is available on EU Vocabularies website [&#8230;].</span></em></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f538.png" alt="🔸" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></span><em><span style="font-weight: 400;"> In order to transform CORDIS data into Linked Open Data, thus aligning with Semantic Web standards, best practices and tools in industry and public organizations, the need for an ontology emerged. CORDIS created the <a href="https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets/european-research-information-ontology?locale=en">EURIO</a> (European Research Information Ontology) based on data about research projects funded by the EU&rsquo;s framework programmes for research and innovation. EURIO is aligned with EU ontologies such as <a href="https://dcodings.github.io/DINGO/">DINGO</a> and <a href="https://github.com/SPAROntologies/frapo">FRAPO</a> and de facto standard ontologies such as schema.org and the Organization Ontology from W3C. It models projects, their results and actors such as people and organizations, and includes administrative information like funding schemes and grants.</span></em></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f449.png" alt="👉" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></span><em> EURIO, which is available on EU Vocabularies website, was <strong>the starting point to develop a Knowledge Graph of CORDIS data that will be publicly available via a dedicated SPARQL endpoint</strong>.</em> <em>»</em></p>
<p>(Enrico Bignotti &amp; Baya Remaoun, &laquo;&nbsp;<a href="https://op.europa.eu/en/web/endorse-2021/programme">EuroSciVoc taxonomy and EURIO ontology: CORDIS as (semantic) data provider</a> &nbsp;&raquo; , ENDORSE March 16, 2021. <a href="https://op.europa.eu/documents/10120270/10133951/BIGNOTTI_REMAOUN_presentation_EuroSciVoc+taxonomy+and+EURIO+ontology+CORDIS+as+%28semantic%29+data+provider.pdf/3303e7b9-967d-65f2-23a3-96b3e2bd2856?t=1616568751644"><span style="font-weight: 400;">PDF</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> </span><a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vIBC_PO5aoM&amp;t=3689s"><span style="font-weight: 400;">VIDEO</span></a>)</p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">&#8230; A Knowledge graph <a href="https://upcommons.upc.edu/bitstream/handle/2117/378291/2022-ISWC.pdf?sequence=1&amp;isAllowed=y">that was soon released in 2022-2023</a></span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (see INDUSTRY TRACK 1 on Tuesday, 25 October of <a href="http://iswc2022.semanticweb.org/index.php/conference/">ISWC 2022 Conference</a> for more detail), until final opening of a </span><a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab"><span style="font-weight: 400;">CORDIS SPARQL endpoint</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> late november 2023.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Now fancy a few SPARQL queries in there ?</span></p>
<p><strong>Follow the SPARQL <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f4ab.png" alt="💫" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></strong></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">CORDIS SPARQL endpoint is </span><a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab"><span style="font-weight: 400;">actually made available on CORDIS Datalab</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> (and already referenced in <a href="https://linkedopendata.eu/wiki/The_EU_Knowledge_Graph">EU Knowledge Graph</a> among other European SPARQL endpoints ! <a href="http://tinyurl.com/yn5fsylk">see the query</a> / <a href="http://tinyurl.com/2e8z6y5e">see the results</a>)</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Here you can access a quick documentation guide to CORDIS Linked Open Data : </span><a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/about/sparql"><span style="font-weight: 400;">https://cordis.europa.eu/about/sparql</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Let’s have a look at EURIO ontology first : we need to understand it to query CORDIS knowledge graph.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">As we are told in the guide, the latest version can be downloaded </span><a href="https://op.europa.eu/en/web/eu-vocabularies/dataset/-/resource?uri=http://publications.europa.eu/resource/dataset/eurio"><span style="font-weight: 400;">on EU Vocabularies website</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">. When we unzip</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> the archive we access the whole documentation about EURIO Classes &amp; properties that we need to write our SPARQL queries – and a diagram of </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">main classes and properties</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> of CORDIS data model : </span></p>
<p><a href="http://blog.sparna.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/EURIO_v2.4.png"><img class="aligncenter size-large wp-image-1669" src="http://blog.sparna.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/EURIO_v2.4-1024x812.png" alt="EURIO_v2.4" width="650" height="515" /></a></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">At first sight we can observe on the schema 3 main groups of entities :</span></p>
<ul>
<li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">On the top right, the projects &amp; publications associated, key ressources of CORDIS ;</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">On the top left, the fundings &amp; grants materials, on « monetary » side of the project ;</span></li>
<li style="font-weight: 400;"><span style="font-weight: 400;">On the bottom, the organisations &amp; persons implied, with references &amp; coordinates.</span></li>
</ul>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Let’s open </span><a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint"><span style="font-weight: 400;">CORDIS SPARQL endpoint</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> – some easy queries can be run to begin exploring CORDIS knowledge graph.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Nb : the data on SPARQL endpoint is a snapshot, but freshest dumps can be found </span><a href="https://data.europa.eu/data/datasets/named-graphs-from-eurio-knowledge-graph?locale=en"><span style="font-weight: 400;">on European data portal</span></a><span style="font-weight: 400;"> !</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Here a simple one to </span><b>find a list of FundingSchemes with their titles and IDs corresponding to « Horizon 2020 » programme</b><span style="font-weight: 400;"> :</span></p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>FundingSchemes with their titles and IDs corresponding to « Horizon 2020 » programme</strong></p>
<p>PREFIX xsd: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#&gt;<br />
PREFIX eurio: &lt;http://data.europa.eu/s66#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdf: &lt;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdfs: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#&gt;<br />
SELECT ?fs ?title ?id<br />
WHERE {<br />
# select all funding schemes …<br />
?fs a eurio:FundingScheme.<br />
# … with their title …<br />
?fs eurio:title ?title.<br />
# … and identifier …<br />
?fs eurio:identifier ?id.<br />
# where the identifier contains the regular expression “H2020”<br />
FILTER (REGEX (?id, &lsquo;H2020&prime;))<br />
} LIMIT 100</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>▶️ <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint#query=%23%20FundingSchemes%20with%20their%20titles%20and%20IDs%20corresponding%20to%20%C2%AB%20Horizon%202020%20%C2%BB%20programme%0A%0APREFIX%20xsd%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2001%2FXMLSchema%23%3E%0APREFIX%20eurio%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdata.europa.eu%2Fs66%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdf%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2F02%2F22-rdf-syntax-ns%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdfs%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0ASELECT%20%3Ffs%20%3Ftitle%20%3Fid%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%23%20select%20all%20funding%20schemes%20%E2%80%A6%0A%3Ffs%20a%20eurio%3AFundingScheme.%0A%23%20%E2%80%A6%20with%20their%20title%20%E2%80%A6%0A%3Ffs%20eurio%3Atitle%20%3Ftitle.%0A%23%20%E2%80%A6%20and%20identifier%20%E2%80%A6%0A%3Ffs%20eurio%3Aidentifier%20%3Fid.%0A%23%20where%20the%20identifier%20contains%20the%20regular%20expression%20%E2%80%9CH2020%E2%80%9D%0AFILTER%20(REGEX%20(%3Fid%2C%20'H2020'))%0A%7D%20LIMIT%20100&amp;endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fcordis.europa.eu%2Fdatalab%2Fsparql&amp;requestMethod=POST&amp;tabTitle=Query&amp;headers=%7B%7D&amp;contentTypeConstruct=application%2Fn-triples%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;contentTypeSelect=application%2Fsparql-results%2Bjson%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;outputFormat=table">See the results</a></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The FILTER REGEX enables us to display the IDs corresponding to H2020 Funding Schemes.</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">We can make another query to get the projects with the Funding Scheme Programme they are related to (note that, in EURIO a eurio:</span><span style="font-weight: 400;">hasFundingSchemeProgramme</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> is a sub-property of eurio:fundingScheme) :</span></p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Projects with the Funding Scheme Programme they are related to</strong></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">PREFIX eurio: &lt;http://data.europa.eu/s66#&gt;</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">PREFIX rdf: &lt;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&gt;</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">PREFIX rdfs: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#&gt;</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">SELECT ?project ?acronym ?fundingscheme</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">WHERE {</span><br />
# select the projects &#8230;<br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">?project a eurio:Project.</span><br />
# … with acronyms &#8230;<br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">?project eurio:hasAcronym/eurio:shortForm ?acronym.</span><br />
# … and corresponding funding scheme programmes<br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">?project eurio:isFundedBy/eurio:hasFundingSchemeProgramme/eurio:code ?fundingscheme.</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">} LIMIT 100</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>▶️ <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint#query=%23%20Projects%20with%20the%20Funding%20Scheme%20Programme%20they%20are%20related%20to%0A%0APREFIX%20eurio%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdata.europa.eu%2Fs66%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdf%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2F02%2F22-rdf-syntax-ns%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdfs%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0ASELECT%20%3Fproject%20%3Facronym%20%3Ffundingscheme%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%23%20select%20the%20projects%20...%0A%3Fproject%20a%20eurio%3AProject.%0A%23%20%E2%80%A6%20with%20acronyms%20...%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AhasAcronym%2Feurio%3AshortForm%20%3Facronym.%0A%23%20%E2%80%A6%20and%20corresponding%20funding%20scheme%20programmes%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AisFundedBy%2Feurio%3AhasFundingSchemeProgramme%2Feurio%3Acode%20%3Ffundingscheme.%0A%7D%20LIMIT%20100&amp;endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fcordis.europa.eu%2Fdatalab%2Fsparql&amp;requestMethod=POST&amp;tabTitle=Query%201&amp;headers=%7B%7D&amp;contentTypeConstruct=application%2Fn-triples%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;contentTypeSelect=application%2Fsparql-results%2Bjson%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;outputFormat=table">See the results</a></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">(Here we used a property path with a « / » to shorten the query to get the acronyms of projects &amp; Funding Scheme Programmes codes).</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">&#8230; and combining with the first query we can find the projects depending on H2020 Funding Scheme Programme in particular :</span></p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Projects depending on H2020 Funding Scheme Programme in particular</strong></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">PREFIX eurio: &lt;http://data.europa.eu/s66#&gt;</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">PREFIX rdf: &lt;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&gt;</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">PREFIX rdfs: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#&gt;</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">SELECT ?project ?acronym ?fundingscheme</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">WHERE {</span><br />
# select the projects &#8230;<br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">?project a eurio:Project.</span><br />
# … with acronyms &#8230;<br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">?project eurio:hasAcronym/eurio:shortForm ?acronym.</span><br />
# … and corresponding funding scheme programmes codes &#8230;<br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">?project eurio:isFundedBy/eurio:hasFundingSchemeProgramme/eurio:code ?fundingscheme.</span><br />
# … with a filter on funding scheme codes &lsquo;H2020&prime;<br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">FILTER REGEX (?fundingscheme, &lsquo;H2020&prime;)</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">} LIMIT 100</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>▶️ <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint#query=%23%20Projects%20depending%20on%20H2020%20Funding%20Scheme%20Programme%20in%20particular%0A%0APREFIX%20eurio%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdata.europa.eu%2Fs66%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdf%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2F02%2F22-rdf-syntax-ns%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdfs%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0ASELECT%20%3Fproject%20%3Facronym%20%3Ffundingscheme%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%23%20select%20the%20projects%20...%0A%3Fproject%20a%20eurio%3AProject.%0A%23%20%E2%80%A6%20with%20acronyms%20...%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AhasAcronym%2Feurio%3AshortForm%20%3Facronym.%0A%23%20%E2%80%A6%20and%20corresponding%20funding%20scheme%20programmes%20codes%20...%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AisFundedBy%2Feurio%3AhasFundingSchemeProgramme%2Feurio%3Acode%20%3Ffundingscheme.%0A%23%20%E2%80%A6%20with%20a%20filter%20on%20funding%20scheme%20codes%20'H2020'%0AFILTER%20REGEX%20(%3Ffundingscheme%2C%20'H2020')%0A%7D%20LIMIT%20100&amp;endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fcordis.europa.eu%2Fdatalab%2Fsparql&amp;requestMethod=POST&amp;tabTitle=Query&amp;headers=%7B%7D&amp;contentTypeConstruct=application%2Fn-triples%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;contentTypeSelect=application%2Fsparql-results%2Bjson%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;outputFormat=table">See the results</a></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">It is also possible to get the list of all existing Funding Scheme Programmes CORDIS projects have been funded by – we observe 27 of them here (from the SPARQL endpoint) – while adding a count function to know how many projects per FundingSchemeProgramme :</span></p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>All existing Funding Scheme Programmes CORDIS projects have been funded by</strong></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">PREFIX eurio: &lt;http://data.europa.eu/s66#&gt;</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">PREFIX rdf: &lt;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&gt;</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">PREFIX rdfs: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#&gt;</span><br />
# count the number of projects by funding scheme programme &#8230;<br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">SELECT (COUNT (?project) as ?count) ?fundingscheme</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">WHERE {</span><br />
# select the projects with corresponding funding scheme programmes codes &#8230;<br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">?project eurio:isFundedBy/eurio:hasFundingSchemeProgramme/eurio:code ?fundingscheme.</span><br />
# &#8230; counting projects per funding scheme programme<br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">} GROUP BY ?fundingscheme</span><br />
<span style="font-weight: 400;">LIMIT 100</span></td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>▶️ <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint#query=%23%20All%20existing%20Funding%20Scheme%20Programmes%20CORDIS%20projects%20have%20been%20funded%20by%0A%0APREFIX%20eurio%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdata.europa.eu%2Fs66%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdf%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2F02%2F22-rdf-syntax-ns%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdfs%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0A%23%20count%20the%20number%20of%20projects%20by%20funding%20scheme%20programme%20...%0ASELECT%20(COUNT%20(%3Fproject)%20as%20%3Fcount)%20%3Ffundingscheme%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%23%20select%20the%20projects%20with%20corresponding%20funding%20scheme%20programmes%20codes%20...%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AisFundedBy%2Feurio%3AhasFundingSchemeProgramme%2Feurio%3Acode%20%3Ffundingscheme.%0A%23%20...%20counting%20projects%20per%20funding%20scheme%20programme%0A%7D%20GROUP%20BY%20%3Ffundingscheme%0ALIMIT%20100&amp;endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fcordis.europa.eu%2Fdatalab%2Fsparql&amp;requestMethod=POST&amp;tabTitle=Query%201&amp;headers=%7B%7D&amp;contentTypeConstruct=application%2Fn-triples%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;contentTypeSelect=application%2Fsparql-results%2Bjson%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;outputFormat=table">See the results</a></p>
<p>Querying the organisations properties will return other kind of useful informations about geographical location of the projects stakeholders. Let’s figure out we want to find the projects whose coordinating organisations have sites located in France :</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Projects whose coordinating organisations have sites located in France <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f413.png" alt="🐓" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /></strong></p>
<p>PREFIX skos: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#&gt;<br />
PREFIX eurio: &lt;http://data.europa.eu/s66#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdf: &lt;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdfs: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#&gt;<br />
SELECT ?project ?acronym ?role ?organisation ?country<br />
WHERE {<br />
# select the projects with their acronyms &#8230;<br />
?project a eurio:Project.<br />
?project eurio:hasAcronym/eurio:shortForm ?acronym.<br />
# &#8230; and organisations with &lsquo;coordinator&rsquo; role and name &#8230;<br />
?project eurio:hasInvolvedParty ?organisationrole.<br />
?organisationrole eurio:roleLabel ?role.<br />
?organisationrole eurio:roleLabel &laquo;&nbsp;coordinator&nbsp;&raquo;.<br />
?organisationrole eurio:isRoleOf/eurio:legalName ?organisation.<br />
# &#8230; with address country for the sites defined at &lsquo;FR&rsquo;<br />
?organisationrole eurio:isRoleOf/eurio:hasSite/eurio:hasAddress/eurio:addressCountry ?country.<br />
VALUES ?country { &lsquo;FR&rsquo; }<br />
} LIMIT 100</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>▶️ <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint#query=%23%20Projects%20whose%20coordinating%20organisations%20have%20sites%20located%20in%20France%20%F0%9F%90%93%0A%0APREFIX%20skos%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2004%2F02%2Fskos%2Fcore%23%3E%0APREFIX%20eurio%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdata.europa.eu%2Fs66%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdf%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2F02%2F22-rdf-syntax-ns%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdfs%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0ASELECT%20%3Fproject%20%3Facronym%20%3Frole%20%3Forganisation%20%3Fcountry%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%23%20select%20the%20projects%20with%20their%20acronyms%20...%0A%3Fproject%20a%20eurio%3AProject.%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AhasAcronym%2Feurio%3AshortForm%20%3Facronym.%0A%23%20...%20and%20organisations%20with%20'coordinator'%20role%20and%20name%20...%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AhasInvolvedParty%20%3Forganisationrole.%0A%3Forganisationrole%20eurio%3AroleLabel%20%3Frole.%0A%3Forganisationrole%20eurio%3AroleLabel%20%22coordinator%22.%0A%3Forganisationrole%20eurio%3AisRoleOf%2Feurio%3AlegalName%20%3Forganisation.%0A%23%20...%20with%20address%20country%20for%20the%20sites%20defined%20at%20'FR'%0A%3Forganisationrole%20eurio%3AisRoleOf%2Feurio%3AhasSite%2Feurio%3AhasAddress%2Feurio%3AaddressCountry%20%3Fcountry.%0AVALUES%20%3Fcountry%20%7B%20'FR'%20%7D%0A%7D%20LIMIT%20100&amp;endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fcordis.europa.eu%2Fdatalab%2Fsparql&amp;requestMethod=POST&amp;tabTitle=Query&amp;headers=%7B%7D&amp;contentTypeConstruct=application%2Fn-triples%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;contentTypeSelect=application%2Fsparql-results%2Bjson%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;outputFormat=table">See the results</a></p>
<p>Depending on available data, you can either query via PostalAddress info (eurio:addressCountry &lsquo;FR&rsquo;) or AdministrativeArea (eurio:hasGeographicalLocation) &#8230; Here we&rsquo;re lucky as both fields are mandatory ones.</p>
<p>Last but not least, we can also play with CORDIS vocabularies : here you&rsquo;ll have the choice to investigate via plain keywords of Projects or Publications items, querying titles, abstracts or other types of literals&#8230;</p>
<p>An example of projects with abstracts containing string ❄ &lsquo;winter&rsquo; ❄ &#8211; the URL giving the exact link to the project online :</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Looking for ❄ &lsquo;winter&rsquo; ❄ in CORDIS projects abstracts (with nice URL to go)</strong></p>
<p>PREFIX eurio: &lt;http://data.europa.eu/s66#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdf: &lt;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdfs: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#&gt;<br />
SELECT?project ?acronym ?abstract ?url<br />
WHERE {<br />
# select the projects with their acronyms and abstracts &#8230;<br />
?project rdf:type eurio:Project.<br />
?project eurio:hasAcronym/eurio:shortForm ?acronym.<br />
?project eurio:abstract ?abstract.<br />
# &#8230; with a filter on abstracts containing string &lsquo;winter&rsquo; case insensitive &#8230;<br />
FILTER (regex(str(?abstract), &lsquo;winter&rsquo;, &lsquo;i&rsquo;))<br />
# &#8230; generating proper CORDIS website URLs based on RCN project code<br />
?project eurio:rcn ?rcn.<br />
BIND(IRI(CONCAT(&lsquo;https://cordis.europa.eu/project/rcn/&rsquo;, ?rcn)) AS ?url)<br />
} LIMIT 100</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>▶️ <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint#query=%23%20Looking%20for%20%E2%9D%84%20'winter'%20%E2%9D%84%20in%20CORDIS%20projects%20abstracts%20(with%20nice%20URL%20to%20go)%0A%0APREFIX%20eurio%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdata.europa.eu%2Fs66%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdf%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2F02%2F22-rdf-syntax-ns%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdfs%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0ASELECT%3Fproject%20%3Facronym%20%3Fabstract%20%3Furl%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%23%20select%20the%20projects%20with%20their%20acronyms%20and%20abstracts%20...%0A%3Fproject%20rdf%3Atype%20eurio%3AProject.%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AhasAcronym%2Feurio%3AshortForm%20%3Facronym.%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3Aabstract%20%3Fabstract.%0A%23%20...%20with%20a%20filter%20on%20abstracts%20containing%20string%20'winter'%20case%20insensitive%20...%0AFILTER%20(regex(str(%3Fabstract)%2C%20'winter'%2C%20'i'))%0A%23%20...%20generating%20proper%20CORDIS%20website%20URLs%20based%20on%20RCN%20project%20code%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3Arcn%20%3Frcn.%0ABIND(IRI(CONCAT('https%3A%2F%2Fcordis.europa.eu%2Fproject%2Frcn%2F'%2C%20%3Frcn))%20AS%20%3Furl)%0A%7D%20LIMIT%20100&amp;endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fcordis.europa.eu%2Fdatalab%2Fsparql&amp;requestMethod=POST&amp;tabTitle=Query%201&amp;headers=%7B%7D&amp;contentTypeConstruct=application%2Fn-triples%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;contentTypeSelect=application%2Fsparql-results%2Bjson%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;outputFormat=table">See the results</a></p>
<p>But funniest way will be using EuroSciVoc taxonomy (and navigating through thesaurus hierarchy) : to do so we need to navigate through property &laquo;&nbsp;eurio:hasEuroSciVocClassification&nbsp;&raquo; to get the Concepts skosxl:prefLabel property &#8230; to finally obtain the thesaurus labels (don&rsquo;t forget to choose a prefered language with a FILTER (lang parameter) :</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Projects with their associated EuroSciVoc keywords (English prefLabels <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f482.png" alt="💂" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" />)</strong></p>
<p>PREFIX skosxl: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#&gt;<br />
PREFIX skos: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#&gt;<br />
PREFIX eurio: &lt;http://data.europa.eu/s66#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdf: &lt;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdfs: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#&gt;<br />
SELECT ?project ?acronym ?ESV<br />
WHERE {<br />
# select the projects with their acronyms &#8230;<br />
?project eurio:hasAcronym/eurio:shortForm ?acronym.<br />
# &#8230; with EuroSciVoc Classification prefLabels &#8230;<br />
?project eurio:hasEuroSciVocClassification/skosxl:prefLabel/skosxl:literalForm ?ESV.<br />
# &#8230; only returning &lsquo;English&rsquo; prefLabels<br />
FILTER (lang(?ESV) = &lsquo;en&rsquo;)<br />
} LIMIT 100</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>▶️ <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint#query=%23%20Projects%20with%20their%20associated%20EuroSciVoc%20keywords%20(English%20prefLabels%20%F0%9F%92%82)%0A%0APREFIX%20skosxl%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2008%2F05%2Fskos-xl%23%3E%0APREFIX%20skos%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2004%2F02%2Fskos%2Fcore%23%3E%0APREFIX%20eurio%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdata.europa.eu%2Fs66%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdf%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2F02%2F22-rdf-syntax-ns%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdfs%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0ASELECT%20%3Fproject%20%3Facronym%20%3FESV%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%23%20select%20the%20projects%20with%20their%20acronyms%20...%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AhasAcronym%2Feurio%3AshortForm%20%3Facronym.%0A%23%20...%20with%20EuroSciVoc%20Classification%20prefLabels%20...%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AhasEuroSciVocClassification%2Fskosxl%3AprefLabel%2Fskosxl%3AliteralForm%20%3FESV.%0A%23%20...%20only%20returning%20'English'%20prefLabels%0AFILTER%20(lang(%3FESV)%20%3D%20'en')%0A%7D%20LIMIT%20100%0A&amp;endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fcordis.europa.eu%2Fdatalab%2Fsparql&amp;requestMethod=POST&amp;tabTitle=Query%203&amp;headers=%7B%7D&amp;contentTypeConstruct=application%2Fn-triples%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;contentTypeSelect=application%2Fsparql-results%2Bjson%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;outputFormat=table">See the results</a></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">A bit more complex one using first level of hierarchy of the taxonomy : here we are searching for all skos:broader concepts &laquo;&nbsp;with no other broader concept&nbsp;&raquo; (the FILTER NOT EXISTS formula), aka the top concepts or root concepts of the vocabulary used to describe the projects. Then counting the projects by each category :</span></p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>All root categories of EuroSciVoc used to describe the projects</strong></p>
<p>PREFIX skosxl: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#&gt;<br />
PREFIX skos: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#&gt;<br />
PREFIX eurio: &lt;http://data.europa.eu/s66#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdf: &lt;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdfs: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#&gt;<br />
# count the number of projects by EuroSciVoc top categories &#8230;<br />
SELECT (COUNT(?project) AS ?nbProject) ?ESV_root_label<br />
WHERE {<br />
# &#8230; the top categories are Concepts &#8230;<br />
?ESV_root a skos:Concept .<br />
# &#8230; with no broader Concept &#8230;<br />
FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?ESV_root skos:broader ?anything }<br />
# &#8230; list with corresponding projects &#8230;<br />
?ESV_root ^skos:broader*/^eurio:hasEuroSciVocClassification ?project .<br />
# &#8230; and EuroSciVoc corresponding skos-xl prefLabels &#8230;<br />
?ESV_root skosxl:prefLabel/skosxl:literalForm ?ESV_root_label.<br />
# &#8230; sorting by EuroSciVoc category, with English prefLabels<br />
FILTER (lang(?ESV_root_label) = &lsquo;en&rsquo;)<br />
} GROUP BY ?ESV_root_label<br />
LIMIT 100</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>▶️ <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint#query=%23%20All%20root%20categories%20of%20EuroSciVoc%20used%20to%20describe%20the%20projects%0A%0APREFIX%20skosxl%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2008%2F05%2Fskos-xl%23%3E%0APREFIX%20skos%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2004%2F02%2Fskos%2Fcore%23%3E%0APREFIX%20eurio%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdata.europa.eu%2Fs66%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdf%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2F02%2F22-rdf-syntax-ns%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdfs%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0A%23%20count%20the%20number%20of%20projects%20by%20EuroSciVoc%20top%20categories%20...%0ASELECT%20(COUNT(%3Fproject)%20AS%20%3FnbProject)%20%3FESV_root_label%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%23%20...%20the%20top%20categories%20are%20Concepts%20...%0A%3FESV_root%20a%20skos%3AConcept%20.%0A%23%20...%20with%20no%20broader%20Concept%20...%0AFILTER%20NOT%20EXISTS%20%7B%20%3FESV_root%20skos%3Abroader%20%3Fanything%20%7D%0A%23%20...%20list%20with%20corresponding%20projects%20...%0A%3FESV_root%20%5Eskos%3Abroader*%2F%5Eeurio%3AhasEuroSciVocClassification%20%3Fproject%20.%0A%23%20...%20and%20EuroSciVoc%20corresponding%20skos-xl%20prefLabels%20...%0A%3FESV_root%20skosxl%3AprefLabel%2Fskosxl%3AliteralForm%20%3FESV_root_label.%0A%23%20...%20sorting%20by%20EuroSciVoc%20category%2C%20with%20English%20prefLabels%0AFILTER%20(lang(%3FESV_root_label)%20%3D%20'en')%0A%7D%20GROUP%20BY%20%3FESV_root_label%0ALIMIT%20100&amp;endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fcordis.europa.eu%2Fdatalab%2Fsparql&amp;requestMethod=POST&amp;tabTitle=Query%201&amp;headers=%7B%7D&amp;contentTypeConstruct=application%2Fn-triples%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;contentTypeSelect=application%2Fsparql-results%2Bjson%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;outputFormat=table">See the results</a></p>
<p>&#8230; and maybe again more explicit results if refined to level 2 of hierarchy <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f440.png" alt="👀" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> :</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>All &lsquo;level 2&prime; root categories of EuroSciVoc used to describe the projects</strong></p>
<p>PREFIX skosxl: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#&gt;<br />
PREFIX skos: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#&gt;<br />
PREFIX eurio: &lt;http://data.europa.eu/s66#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdf: &lt;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdfs: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#&gt;<br />
# count the number of projects by EuroSciVoc level 2 top categories &#8230;<br />
SELECT (COUNT(?project) AS ?nbProject) ?ESV_root_label ?ESV_level2_label<br />
WHERE {<br />
# &#8230; the top categories are Concepts &#8230;<br />
?ESV_root a skos:Concept .<br />
# &#8230; with no broader Concept &#8230;<br />
FILTER NOT EXISTS { ?ESV_root skos:broader ?anything }<br />
# &#8230; list level 2 category below level 1 with corresponding projects &#8230;<br />
?ESV_root ^skos:broader ?ESV_level2 .<br />
?ESV_level2 ^skos:broader*/^eurio:hasEuroSciVocClassification ?project .<br />
# &#8230; and EuroSciVoc corresponding skos-xl prefLabels &#8230;<br />
?ESV_root skosxl:prefLabel/skosxl:literalForm ?ESV_root_label.<br />
?ESV_level2 skosxl:prefLabel/skosxl:literalForm ?ESV_level2_label.<br />
# &#8230; sorting by EuroSciVoc category, with English prefLabels<br />
FILTER (lang(?ESV_root_label) = &lsquo;en&rsquo;)<br />
FILTER (lang(?ESV_level2_label) = &lsquo;en&rsquo;)<br />
} GROUP BY ?ESV_root_label ?ESV_level2_label<br />
ORDER BY ?ESV_root_label<br />
LIMIT 100</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>▶️ <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint#query=%23%20All%20'level%202'%20root%20categories%20of%20EuroSciVoc%20used%20to%20describe%20the%20projects%0A%0APREFIX%20skosxl%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2008%2F05%2Fskos-xl%23%3E%0APREFIX%20skos%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2004%2F02%2Fskos%2Fcore%23%3E%0APREFIX%20eurio%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdata.europa.eu%2Fs66%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdf%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2F02%2F22-rdf-syntax-ns%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdfs%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0A%23%20count%20the%20number%20of%20projects%20by%20EuroSciVoc%20level%202%20top%20categories%20...%0ASELECT%20(COUNT(%3Fproject)%20AS%20%3FnbProject)%20%3FESV_root_label%20%3FESV_level2_label%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%23%20...%20the%20top%20categories%20are%20Concepts%20...%0A%3FESV_root%20a%20skos%3AConcept%20.%0A%23%20...%20with%20no%20broader%20Concept%20...%0AFILTER%20NOT%20EXISTS%20%7B%20%3FESV_root%20skos%3Abroader%20%3Fanything%20%7D%0A%23%20...%20list%20level%202%20category%20below%20level%201%20with%20corresponding%20projects%20...%0A%3FESV_root%20%5Eskos%3Abroader%20%3FESV_level2%20.%0A%3FESV_level2%20%5Eskos%3Abroader*%2F%5Eeurio%3AhasEuroSciVocClassification%20%3Fproject%20.%0A%23%20...%20and%20EuroSciVoc%20corresponding%20skos-xl%20prefLabels%20...%0A%3FESV_root%20skosxl%3AprefLabel%2Fskosxl%3AliteralForm%20%3FESV_root_label.%0A%3FESV_level2%20skosxl%3AprefLabel%2Fskosxl%3AliteralForm%20%3FESV_level2_label.%0A%23%20...%20sorting%20by%20EuroSciVoc%20category%2C%20with%20English%20prefLabels%0AFILTER%20(lang(%3FESV_root_label)%20%3D%20'en')%0AFILTER%20(lang(%3FESV_level2_label)%20%3D%20'en')%0A%7D%20GROUP%20BY%20%3FESV_root_label%20%3FESV_level2_label%0AORDER%20BY%20%3FESV_root_label%0ALIMIT%20100&amp;endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fcordis.europa.eu%2Fdatalab%2Fsparql&amp;requestMethod=POST&amp;tabTitle=Query&amp;headers=%7B%7D&amp;contentTypeConstruct=application%2Fn-triples%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;contentTypeSelect=application%2Fsparql-results%2Bjson%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;outputFormat=table">See the results</a></p>
<p>And a little last one with a count, to enumerate most used EuroSciVoc Concepts for indexing projects :</p>
<table>
<tbody>
<tr>
<td><strong>Most used EuroSciVoc Concepts for indexing projects</strong></p>
<p>PREFIX skosxl: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2008/05/skos-xl#&gt;<br />
PREFIX skos: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#&gt;<br />
PREFIX eurio: &lt;http://data.europa.eu/s66#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdf: &lt;http://www.w3.org/1999/02/22-rdf-syntax-ns#&gt;<br />
PREFIX rdfs: &lt;http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#&gt;<br />
# count the number of projects by EuroSciVoc Concept &#8230;<br />
SELECT (COUNT (?project) as ?count) ?ESV<br />
WHERE {<br />
#  &#8230; select the projects with their acronyms &#8230;<br />
?project eurio:hasAcronym/eurio:shortForm ?acronym.<br />
# &#8230; with EuroSciVoc Classification prefLabels &#8230;<br />
?project eurio:hasEuroSciVocClassification/skosxl:prefLabel/skosxl:literalForm ?ESV.<br />
# &#8230; sorting by EuroSciVoc Concept, with English prefLabels<br />
FILTER (lang(?ESV) = &lsquo;en&rsquo;)<br />
} GROUP BY ?ESV<br />
ORDER BY DESC(?count)<br />
LIMIT 3000</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
<p>▶️ <a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/datalab/sparql-endpoint#query=%23%20Most%20used%20EuroSciVoc%20Concepts%20for%20indexing%20projects%0A%0APREFIX%20skosxl%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2008%2F05%2Fskos-xl%23%3E%0APREFIX%20skos%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2004%2F02%2Fskos%2Fcore%23%3E%0APREFIX%20eurio%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fdata.europa.eu%2Fs66%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdf%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F1999%2F02%2F22-rdf-syntax-ns%23%3E%0APREFIX%20rdfs%3A%20%3Chttp%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2F2000%2F01%2Frdf-schema%23%3E%0A%23%20count%20the%20number%20of%20projects%20by%20EuroSciVoc%20Concept%20...%0ASELECT%20(COUNT%20(%3Fproject)%20as%20%3Fcount)%20%3FESV%0AWHERE%20%7B%0A%23%20%20...%20select%20the%20projects%20with%20their%20acronyms%20...%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AhasAcronym%2Feurio%3AshortForm%20%3Facronym.%0A%23%20...%20with%20EuroSciVoc%20Classification%20prefLabels%20...%0A%3Fproject%20eurio%3AhasEuroSciVocClassification%2Fskosxl%3AprefLabel%2Fskosxl%3AliteralForm%20%3FESV.%0A%23%20...%20sorting%20by%20EuroSciVoc%20Concept%2C%20with%20English%20prefLabels%0AFILTER%20(lang(%3FESV)%20%3D%20'en')%0A%7D%20GROUP%20BY%20%3FESV%0AORDER%20BY%20DESC(%3Fcount)%0ALIMIT%203000&amp;endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fcordis.europa.eu%2Fdatalab%2Fsparql&amp;requestMethod=POST&amp;tabTitle=Query%201&amp;headers=%7B%7D&amp;contentTypeConstruct=application%2Fn-triples%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;contentTypeSelect=application%2Fsparql-results%2Bjson%2C*%2F*%3Bq&amp;outputFormat=table">See the results</a></p>
<p><img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f4a1.png" alt="💡" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" />This one an ideal one to generate a word cloud maybe ?</p>
<p>What if we send the CSV data to <a href="https://wordart.com/create">some nice online word cloud generator</a> then ?</p>
<p><a href="https://wordart.com/r8zsokkk7ghu/untitled"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-1710" src="http://blog.sparna.fr/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Cordis-Taxo-Cloud.png" alt="Cordis Taxo Cloud" width="660" height="757" /></a></p>
<p>(OMG <a href="https://wordart.com/create">they also have a shooting star shape</a> <img src="https://s.w.org/images/core/emoji/72x72/1f320.png" alt="🌠" class="wp-smiley" style="height: 1em; max-height: 1em;" /> in there 🤩)</p>
<p><strong>As a conclusion&#8230;</strong></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">According to Science (CORDIS saying !), <a href="https://europa.eu/!vYVHXD">New Year’s resolutions appear difficult to be held</a></span><span style="font-weight: 400;">&#8230; because most of time too ambitious, restrictive or unprecisely formulated : indeed, « </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">the </span><a href="https://cordis.europa.eu/article/id/428767-trending-science-do-this-one-thing-to-keep-your-new-year-s-resolutions-research-says"><span style="font-weight: 400;">effectiveness of resolutions depends on how they are </span><b>framed</b></a><span style="font-weight: 400;">.</span><span style="font-weight: 400;"> »</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Horizon 2024, let’s suggest a(n RDF ?) well-framed one : may CORDIS SPARQL endpoint initiative be an example for other structures who want to share Linked Open Data !</span></p>
<p><span style="font-weight: 400;"><strong>Wishing you Best Interoperability and a Very Merry ✨ Sparqling New Year !</strong> ✨</span></p>
<p>Cet article <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr/2024/01/15/cordis-a-sparql-endpoint-is-born/">CORDIS : a SPARQL endpoint is born !</a> est apparu en premier sur <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr">Sparna Blog</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>2</slash:comments>
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		<item>
		<title>Langues de France et Numérique : La Cantine Paris, jeudi 6/12, 18h</title>
		<link>https://blog.sparna.fr/2012/12/03/langues-de-france-et-numerique-la-cantine-paris-jeudi-612-18h/</link>
		<comments>https://blog.sparna.fr/2012/12/03/langues-de-france-et-numerique-la-cantine-paris-jeudi-612-18h/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 03 Dec 2012 10:55:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Thomas Francart]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Evénements]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Linked Data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[La Cantine]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[langue]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ontologies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[thesaurus]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.sparna.fr/?p=243</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Je participerai ce jeudi 6/12 aux tables rondes sur le thème &#171;&#160;Diversité des langues et numérique&#160;&#187;, à la Cantine. Dans le volet &#171;&#160;pragmatique&#160;&#187;, &#171;&#160;cas d&#8217;usage&#160;&#187;, j&#8217;y parlerai sans doute d&#8217;un type de langue un peu particulier : les langages contrôlés, ceux des thesaurus, des ontologies. Quelles relations entretiennent-ils avec la linguistique, avec la &#171;&#160;langue française&#160;&#187;&#8230;</p>
<p>Cet article <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr/2012/12/03/langues-de-france-et-numerique-la-cantine-paris-jeudi-612-18h/">Langues de France et Numérique : La Cantine Paris, jeudi 6/12, 18h</a> est apparu en premier sur <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr">Sparna Blog</a>.</p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Je participerai ce jeudi 6/12 aux <a href="http://lacantine.org/events/numerique-investissons-dans-la-diversite-des-langues-tables-rondes-langues-de-france-et-numerique">tables rondes sur le thème &laquo;&nbsp;Diversité des langues et numérique&nbsp;&raquo;</a>, à la Cantine. Dans le volet &laquo;&nbsp;pragmatique&nbsp;&raquo;, &laquo;&nbsp;cas d&rsquo;usage&nbsp;&raquo;, j&rsquo;y parlerai sans doute d&rsquo;un type de langue un peu particulier : les langages contrôlés, ceux des thesaurus, des ontologies. Quelles relations entretiennent-ils avec la linguistique, avec la &laquo;&nbsp;langue française&nbsp;&raquo; ? pourquoi en prendre soin, y porter attention ? quels modèles spécifiques ont été mis en oeuvre dans des applications industrielles réelles, par <a href="http://www.mondeca.com">Mondeca</a>, pour la maintenance de ces &laquo;&nbsp;artefacts&nbsp;&raquo;, qui mélangent problématiques linguistiques, ontologiques, documentaires ?</p>
<p>Venez nombreux !</p>
<p>schema.org metadata :</p>
[schema type=&nbsp;&raquo;event&nbsp;&raquo; evtype=&nbsp;&raquo;Event&nbsp;&raquo; url=&nbsp;&raquo;http://lacantine.org/events/numerique-investissons-dans-la-diversite-des-langues-tables-rondes-langues-de-france-et-numerique&nbsp;&raquo; name=&nbsp;&raquo;Table Ronde &lsquo;Langues de France et Numérique'&nbsp;&raquo; description=&nbsp;&raquo;A l&rsquo;ère du Web sémantique, de l&rsquo;hyper-communication et de la globalisation des échanges de textes, s’interroger sur les possibilités de développement, notamment en termes d’attractivité et de diffusion, de la langue française et des langues de France semble essentiel : Comment le français langue diplomatique s’inscrira-t-il dans le code de la langue numérique ? Quels projets seront demain structurants pour la préservation de notre patrimoine linguistique, son développement et sa diffusion ?&nbsp;&raquo; sdate=&nbsp;&raquo;2012-12-06&Prime; stime=&nbsp;&raquo;06:00 pm&nbsp;&raquo; edate=&nbsp;&raquo;2012-12-06&Prime; duration=&nbsp;&raquo;04:00&Prime; street=&nbsp;&raquo;La Cantine&nbsp;&raquo; city=&nbsp;&raquo;Paris&nbsp;&raquo; country=&nbsp;&raquo;FR&nbsp;&raquo; ]
<div class="zemanta-pixie" style="margin-top: 10px; height: 15px;"><img class="zemanta-pixie-img" style="border: none; float: right;" alt="" src="http://img.zemanta.com/pixy.gif?x-id=e68fed38-c2c9-417a-b594-1bf83e8bd3c0" /></div>
<p>Cet article <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr/2012/12/03/langues-de-france-et-numerique-la-cantine-paris-jeudi-612-18h/">Langues de France et Numérique : La Cantine Paris, jeudi 6/12, 18h</a> est apparu en premier sur <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr">Sparna Blog</a>.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<slash:comments>0</slash:comments>
		</item>
		<item>
		<title>Bénéfices clés des technologies du web de données 2/2 – absence de modèle, raisonnement</title>
		<link>https://blog.sparna.fr/2012/10/25/benefices-cles-des-technologies-du-web-de-donnees-22-absence-de-modele-raisonnement/</link>
		<comments>https://blog.sparna.fr/2012/10/25/benefices-cles-des-technologies-du-web-de-donnees-22-absence-de-modele-raisonnement/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 25 Oct 2012 08:41:20 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[Thomas Francart]]></dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Linked Data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[OWL]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[RDF]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[avantages]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[ontologies]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[raisonnement]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[semantic web]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Triplestore]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[vocabulaires]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[web de données]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[web of data]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[web sémantique]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://blog.sparna.fr/?p=227</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[<p>Dans la première partie de cette étude sur les avantages des technologies du web de données &#8211; que je valorise au sein de la société Sparna, j&#8217;avais étudié ce qui fait leur essence, leur &#171;&#160;principe actif&#160;&#187;, c&#8217;est-à-dire les mécanismes de publication de données dans un environnement distribué. Je continue ici l&#8217;analyse sur deux autres aspects&#8230;</p>
<p>Cet article <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr/2012/10/25/benefices-cles-des-technologies-du-web-de-donnees-22-absence-de-modele-raisonnement/">Bénéfices clés des technologies du web de données 2/2 – absence de modèle, raisonnement</a> est apparu en premier sur <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr">Sparna Blog</a>.</p>
]]></description>
				<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p style="text-align: justify;">Dans la <a title="Bénéfices clés des technologies du web de données 1/2 – l’environnement distribué" href="http://blog.sparna.fr/benefices-cles-des-technologies-du-web-de-donnees-12-lenvironnement-distribue/">première partie</a> de cette étude sur les avantages des technologies du web de données &#8211; que je valorise au sein de la société <a href="http://sparna.fr">Sparna</a>, j&rsquo;avais étudié ce qui fait leur essence, leur &laquo;&nbsp;principe actif&nbsp;&raquo;, c&rsquo;est-à-dire les mécanismes de publication de données dans un environnement distribué. Je continue ici l&rsquo;analyse sur deux autres aspects qui font l&rsquo;originalité de ces approches : <strong>l&rsquo;absence de modèle de données</strong> et <strong>les possibilités offertes par le raisonnement</strong>.</p>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Le schéma de données, quel schéma de données ?</h2>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Facilite les phases de prototypage</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Dans les approches à base de RDF+SPARQL, on n&rsquo;a pas besoin d&rsquo;avoir un schéma de données pour commencer à travailler. <span class="pullquote">On a juste besoin des données. Le schéma peut venir après.</span> <em>&laquo;&nbsp;Data first, model after&nbsp;&raquo;</em>. C&rsquo;est une approche &laquo;&nbsp;bottom-up&nbsp;&raquo;, là où les SGBD+SQL ont nécessairement une approche &laquo;&nbsp;top-down&nbsp;&raquo; : &laquo;&nbsp;model first, data after&nbsp;&raquo;. Cela permet un <strong>prototypage rapide des projets</strong> : plus besoin d&rsquo;attendre d&rsquo;avoir défini un modèle de base de données avant de faire une première requête.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Intégration de données hétérogènes</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Ces absence de schéma, de modèle, dans les bases de données RDF (triplestores) donne la possibilité d&rsquo;y intégrer des données :</p>
<ul style="text-align: justify;">
<li><strong>hétérogènes</strong> : exprimées avec des modèles différents, en ayant ensuite la possibilité de les réconcilier sur un modèle unique si besoin;</li>
<li><strong>incomplètes</strong> : avec des valeurs manquantes, en ayant la possibilité de repérer ces objets anormaux si besoin;</li>
<li><strong>incohérentes</strong> : venant de sources différentes qui donnent des informations contradictoires, en ayant la possibilité de repérer ces incohérences et de les corriger si besoin;</li>
</ul>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Une infinité de points de vue</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Zéro schéma signifie aussi une multiplicité de schémas. Les technologies sémantiques permettent d&rsquo;exprimer les mêmes données suivant plusieurs schémas dans la même base, offrant alors plusieurs &laquo;&nbsp;points de vue&nbsp;&raquo;, plusieurs façons de voir les mêmes données. Et ceci automatiquement avec de l&rsquo;inférence OWL. Chaque application consommant les données pourra alors s&rsquo;appuyer sur le schéma qu&rsquo;elle comprend. <strong>On favorise ainsi l&rsquo;interopérabilité entre applications</strong>. Un exemple ? le standard de représentation <a href="www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/">SKOS</a> permet une représentation simple de systèmes d&rsquo;organisation de connaissances (thesaurus, arbres de classement, &#8230;) , à base de &laquo;&nbsp;Concept&nbsp;&raquo; qui portent des &laquo;&nbsp;prefLabels&nbsp;&raquo; (libellés préférentiels). C&rsquo;est un format d&rsquo;échange commode, mais inadapté à la représentation de bases de connaissances riches, comme une base de personnes. Il est tout à fait possible de dire &laquo;&nbsp;ce que tu appelles une Personne dans ton système je l&rsquo;appelle également un Concept SKOS, et la propriété <em>foaf:name</em> que tu utilises correspond à la propriété <em>skos:prefLabel</em> SKOS&nbsp;&raquo;, pour ainsi obtenir une &laquo;&nbsp;vue&nbsp;&raquo; SKOS d&rsquo;une base de personnes.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Ce faisant, on permet également de <strong>séparer les métadonnées initiales des contenus (riches et compliquées) des catégories de ces contenus pour la diffusion</strong>, en fonction des supports ou des publics (souvent plus simples et liées à l&rsquo;usage). L&rsquo;exemple classique est l&rsquo;hôtel rangé dans une catégorie &laquo;&nbsp;bon marché&nbsp;&raquo; alors que ses métadonnées initiales sont plus complexes : prix par nuit, nombre d&rsquo;étoiles, labels, piscine, etc.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Flexibilité maximale</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Le fait que le schéma ne contraigne pas les données donne une <strong>flexibilité et une évolutivité importante au système</strong>. On peut rajouter, supprimer, modifier un attribut ou une classe à la volée. <span class="pullquote">On peut modifier le schéma, sans toucher aux données. On peut même changer de schéma facilement.</span> Prenons un cas d&rsquo;intégration de données : une application intégrant une source de données externe avec ses propres données, et se retrouvant confronté au cas où cette source de données change de format et de modèle :</p>
<ul>
<li style="text-align: justify;">dans le monde du XXème siècle, en SGBD+SQL, confronté à un tel cas on doit 1/ modifier le parsing des données qui ont changé, 2/ modifier les tables du système pour prendre en compte ce nouveau format, 3/ modifier les requêtes de l&rsquo;applicatif.</li>
<li style="text-align: justify;">Dans le monde du XXIème siècle, en RDF+SPARQL : 1/ pas de parsing à modifier (les données arrivent toujours en RDF), 2/ pas de schema à modifier (il n&rsquo;y en a pas) et 3/ il faut toujours modifier les requêtes de l&rsquo;applicatif&#8230; plus qu&rsquo;un 1/3 du travail. Et encore, il est possible, le temps de modifier les requêtes, d&rsquo;ajouter de l&rsquo;inférence pour recréer les données dans l&rsquo;ancien modèle à partir du nouveau, de façon à ce que les requêtes continuent à répondre.</li>
</ul>
<p>&nbsp;</p>
<h2>Le raisonnement, ou les manipulations automatiques des données</h2>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Réconciliation</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Le raisonnement est la capacité des outils RDF à déduire automatiquement de nouvelles informations à partir des informations existantes. Notons bien que ces capacités de raisonnement ne sont ni proposées par tous les outils RDF, ni forcément utiles dans tous les contextes. Elles vont par exemple permettre de <strong>réconcilier les données hétérogènes sur un modèle commun</strong> : &laquo;&nbsp;Ensemble des personnes = ensemble des contacts qui viennent de mon répertoire de téléphone + ensemble de mes contacts dans les réseaux sociaux&nbsp;&raquo;.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Classification</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Le même mécanisme est utilisé pour des besoins plus proches de la classification (&laquo;&nbsp;repurposing&nbsp;&raquo; de contenu), pour <strong>définir les ensembles d&rsquo;objets dans des points de vue multiples</strong>, tel qu&rsquo;évoqué plus haut. On peut par exemple avoir d&rsquo;un côté l&rsquo;ensemble des objets &laquo;&nbsp;Hébergements&nbsp;&raquo;, et de l&rsquo;autre l&rsquo;ensemble des objets &laquo;&nbsp;Hôtels pas chers&nbsp;&raquo; défini comme &laquo;&nbsp;l&rsquo;ensemble des objets Hébergements qui sont de type hôtel et ont un prix par nuit inférieur à 60 euros&nbsp;&raquo;. Le deuxième ensemble sera calculé à partir du premier, automatiquement.</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Inférence</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">L&rsquo;inférence permet de <strong>précalculer des liens ou des données qui facilitent l&rsquo;écriture des requêtes et améliorent les temps de réponse</strong>. Le total des buts marqués par une équipe de football dans une compétition est calculé comme la somme de tous les buts marqués par cette équipe dans les matchs de cette compétition. La donnée est calculée une fois, et peut ensuite être présentée directement sur la page de l&rsquo;équipe, il n&rsquo;y a pas de calcul à faire au moment de l&rsquo;affichage (voir <a href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/sport2/hi/football/world_cup_2010/groups_and_teams/team/france">le site de la coupe du monde de la BBC</a>, réalisé à partir des technologies du web de données en utilisant le raisonnement).</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;"><span style="text-decoration: underline;">Consistance</span></p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">L&rsquo;inférence est aussi ce qui permet de contrôler la consistance par rapport au modèle de données. Car si en RDF il est possible de ne pas avoir de schéma, dans les cas où il y en a un, <strong>le moteur d&rsquo;inférence sera capable de déterminer si les données sont consistantes par rapport à ce schéma</strong> ou non.</p>
<h2 style="text-align: justify;">Conclusion&#8230;</h2>
<p style="text-align: justify;">Ce travail d&rsquo;analyse partiel est une synthèse des expériences acquises avec ces technologies, et des lectures spécialisées (le forum <a href="http://answers.semanticweb.com" target="_blank">answers.semanticweb.com</a> contient beaucoup de réponses intéressantes). Il doit permettre de bien <strong>situer les avantages de ces technos pour ne pas en faire une évangélisation aveugle</strong>, et de les utiliser au mieux pour résoudre des problèmes concrets. Il y aurait peut-être d&rsquo;autres avantages à étudier, comme la réutilisation possibles de schémas existants, comme ceux que l&rsquo;on peut trouver dans le <a href="http://lov.okfn.org" target="_blank">LOV</a> (Linked Open Vocabularies).</p>
<p style="text-align: justify;">De plus en plus de projets vont vouloir soit tirer parti de ce qui est publié librement sur le web de données, soit rationnaliser des intégrations d&rsquo;API compliquées, ou encore améliorer leurs chaines de traitement et de diffusion de contenus, ouvrir des données de bases auparavant fermées, aligner des référentiels avec du raisonnement, etc&#8230; tous ces projets peuvent bénéficier d&rsquo;une approche basée sur le web de données. Si vous voulez en savoir plus, n&rsquo;hésitez pas à réagir ici ou à me <a href="http://sparna.fr/contact.html" target="_blank">contacter</a>.</p>
<p>Cet article <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr/2012/10/25/benefices-cles-des-technologies-du-web-de-donnees-22-absence-de-modele-raisonnement/">Bénéfices clés des technologies du web de données 2/2 – absence de modèle, raisonnement</a> est apparu en premier sur <a rel="nofollow" href="https://blog.sparna.fr">Sparna Blog</a>.</p>
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